An introduction to Edmonton: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.
Indigenous history of Edmonton
The Cree name amiskwaciy-wâskahikan, Beaver Hills House, reflects its long role as a meeting ground for many Indigenous communities, and the city lies within Treaty 6 territory, first signed in 1876. Enoch Cree Nation shares an 8 km border with the western edge of the city. Ociciwan Contemporary Art Centre is the city’s first Indigenous-run contemporary art centre. The Canadian Encyclopedia names the area as traditional territory of the Blackfoot Confederacy, Tsuut’ina, Stoney Nakoda, Cree and Métis. Treaty 6 was first signed at Fort Carlton on August 23, 1876, and at Fort Pitt that September. In August 1877, more bands signed adhesions at Fort Edmonton.
Treaty and territory
Edmonton, amiskwacîwâskahikan in Cree, is on Treaty 6 territory, the same treaty territory as Saskatoon, and the homeland of the Métis.
Nearby: Enoch Cree Nation · St. Albert · Sherwood Park · Spruce Grove · Alexander First Nation · Beaumont
Indigenous Edmonton today
Edmonton is a centre of Métis life in Alberta. The Métis Nation of Alberta, founded in 1928, reports that about 31,780 Métis live in Edmonton. That is roughly a third of the province’s Métis population, which is the largest of any province. The Canadian Native Friendship Centre has served the city since 1962. It aims to better the lives of Indigenous people and to build cultural awareness among non-Indigenous residents. The centre serves about 10,000 people a year through referrals, social gatherings and recreation. It also works to raise awareness about ending violence against Indigenous women and girls. In the river valley at Fox Drive, the city developed kihcihkaw askî as a gathering place for Indigenous ceremony, traditional arts and teachings. Elders chose the Plains Cree name, which the city translates as this place here is Sacred. The Indigenous Knowledge and Wisdom Centre began operating the site in early 2023. It held a public open house that September.
More on the region: Indigenous Alberta · all of Canada.