An introduction to Fort McMurray: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.
Indigenous history of Fort McMurray
Cree, Denesuline and Dane-zaa peoples lived here long before the fur trade, and the region falls under Treaty 8, signed in 1899. Fort McMurray #468 First Nation, of Cree and Chipewyan heritage, has reserves on Gregoire Lake near Anzac, about 50 km southeast. Before Europeans arrived, Cree and Denesuline families moved with the seasons to hunt and fish across the Athabasca country. Treaty 8 was signed at Fort McMurray and other northern points in 1899, promising reserves, annual payments and hunting and fishing rights.
Treaty and territory
Fort McMurray is on Treaty 8 territory, the traditional lands of the Cree and Dene, and the homeland of the Métis. It lies in the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo.
Nearby: Anzac · Fort McMurray #468 First Nation · Fort McKay First Nation · Chipewyan Prairie First Nation · Conklin · Fort Chipewyan
Indigenous Fort McMurray today
McMurray Métis was founded in 1987 as a local of the Métis Nation of Alberta, run by an elected council. From its office on Sakitawaw Trail it offers bursaries, summer student jobs and citizenship services. Its calendar includes the annual Métis Fest, Louis Riel Day and Christmas celebrations for children and Elders. In June 2026 it reported that construction of the McMurray Métis Cultural Centre was advancing. About 60 kilometres north, Fort McKay First Nation sits on the Athabasca River. Its roughly 800 members are of Dene, Cree and Métis descent, and it shares its territory with the Fort McKay Métis Community. The Nation runs the Elsie Fabian School, a youth centre and a health centre. Fort McKay also owns several businesses. They include Fort McKay Landing, the Fort McKay Oil Sands Development Company and the Alex & Alice Boucher Industrial Park. It works in partnership with energy companies such as Suncor. Its guiding approach, in the Nation's words, is to embrace change while keeping its cultural identity strong.
More on the region: Indigenous Alberta · all of Canada.