An introduction to Winkler: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.
Indigenous history of Winkler
Anishinaabe peoples lived on these lands long before Treaty 1 was signed in 1871. The land around Winkler was traditionally home to Anishinaabe peoples. On August 3, 1871, Canada signed Treaty 1 with the Anishinaabe and Swampy Cree of southern Manitoba at Lower Fort Garry. The treaty covered the Red River Valley and much of south-central Manitoba. Its written terms set aside reserves of 160 acres for each family of five. They also promised schools on reserves, a $3 gratuity and yearly annuities.
Treaty and territory
Winkler is on Treaty 1 territory, the traditional lands of the Anishinaabe peoples. Treaty 1 was signed at Lower Fort Garry in August 1871.
Nearby: Morden · Swan Lake First Nation · Roseau River Anishinabe First Nation · Altona · Plum Coulee · Carman
Indigenous Winkler today
Winkler sits within the lands of Treaty 1, and seven First Nations belong to the Treaty One governance body. They include Swan Lake, Roseau River Anishinaabe, Long Plain, Peguis, Brokenhead, Sagkeeng and Sandy Bay. Treaty One also runs a development corporation focused on careers for its people and on reconciliation. Swan Lake First Nation is the closest, an Ojibway Anishinaabe community in the Pembina Valley region. Its name comes from the Ojibwe Gaa-biskigamaag, described as the lake that is curved. The Nation manages four reserve areas and counted 1,461 members in 2021. Most of them live off reserve. Red River Métis families are also part of Winkler life. Local restaurant owner Charllotte Guenther, of Métis and Mennonite heritage, runs Charley B's Classic Grill & Ice Cream Parlour. The Manitoba Métis Federation highlighted it as one of seven Red River Métis restaurants in the province. She serves bannock from a family recipe and marks Truth and Reconciliation Day with special menus. Garden Valley School Division also closes its Winkler schools on September 30 for the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation.
More on the region: Indigenous Manitoba · all of Canada.