An introduction to Barrie: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.
Indigenous history of Barrie
Anishinaabeg nations of the Three Fires Confederacy, the Odawa, Ojibwe and Pottawatomi, call this region home. The Wendat Nation lived here before the middle of the 17th century. The Wendat Nation occupied the lands around Barrie until the middle of the 17th century. Anishinaabeg nations of the Three Fires Confederacy have long called the region home. The Nine Mile Portage, linking Kempenfelt Bay to the site of Fort Willow, was an Indigenous travel route long before the British used it. In 1815, the Crown and Anishinaabe signed Treaty 16, the Lake Simcoe Purchase, at Kempenfelt Bay. Treaty 18, the Nottawasaga Purchase, followed on October 17, 1818. In 1923, seven Anishinaabe First Nations signed the Williams Treaties, which covered about 52,000 square kilometres. Those treaties took away harvesting rights without the Nations’ full understanding.
Treaty and territory
Barrie is on lands covered by Treaty 16 (1815) and Treaty 18 (1818), and later the Williams Treaties of 1923. It is the traditional territory of the Anishinaabeg of the Three Fires Confederacy, and the Wendat Nation lived here before the mid-1600s.
Nearby: Innisfil · Orillia · Chippewas of Rama First Nation · Beausoleil First Nation · Chippewas of Georgina Island First Nation · Midland
Indigenous Barrie today
The Williams Treaties First Nations include three communities close to Barrie: Chippewas of Rama, Beausoleil and Chippewas of Georgina Island. In September 2018, Canada and Ontario reached a settlement with all seven Williams Treaties Nations. It included $1.11 billion in compensation and recognized their continuing treaty harvesting rights. Each Nation may also add up to 11,000 acres to its reserve lands. Canada and Ontario committed to an apology as part of the deal. In the city, the Barrie Native Friendship Centre has been a gathering place since September 1987. It was incorporated in 1988 and has been on Bayfield Street since 1993. Its programs include Akwe:Go and Wasa Nabin for children and youth, and Apatisiwin for employment and training. The centre also runs bail supervision, restorative justice and health outreach programs. Executive Director Samantha Kinoshameg has described its approach as holistic, covering physical, mental, emotional and spiritual health. Georgian College, with campuses in Barrie and Midland, offers Indigenous student services and marks Treaties Recognition Week. It also observes September 30 as the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation.
More on the region: Indigenous Ontario · all of Canada.