An introduction to Chilliwack: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.
Indigenous history of Chilliwack
The Stó:lō Service Agency, which serves 11 member First Nations, has its headquarters on Vedder Road. The Stó:lō have lived in the Fraser Valley for about 10,000 years, according to archaeological records. From 1889 to 1940, the Methodist and later United Church ran Coqualeetza Residential School at Sardis. The National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation lists 35 children who died while attending. The Coqualeetza site is now home to a Stó:lō cultural education centre. The Ts’elxwéyeqw are the first people of the Chilliwack River watershed, and their Halq’eméylem name is the one the city carries. They are one of the tribes of the Stó:lō, the People of the River, and their territory covers about 95,000 hectares reaching from Sx̱ótsaqel, Chilliwack Lake, across the central Fraser Valley and south into the United States. Archaeological, oral, written and ethnographic records document thousands of years of continuous occupation. Seven communities make up the tribe today: Aitchelitz, Skowkale, Shxwhá:y, Soowahlie, Squiala, Tzeachten and Yakweakwioose.
Treaty and territory
Chilliwack sits in S’ólh Téméxw, the traditional territory of the Stó:lō, the People of the River. Their lands reach from Yale in the Fraser Canyon to the mouth of the Fraser River.
Nearby: Cultus Lake · Agassiz · Abbotsford · Hope · Harrison Hot Springs · Sq'ewá:lxw (Skwah) First Nation
Indigenous Chilliwack today
Stó:lō community life is strongly present in Chilliwack today. The Stó:lō Service Agency describes itself as a collective of autonomous First Nations. Its 11 member communities include Áthelets, Màthxwi, Pópkw'em, Sq'ewá:lxw, Semà:th, Leq'á:mel, Sq'ewqéyl, Shxwhá:y, Sxwoyehà:là, Ch'iyáqtel and Yeqwyeqwí:ws. From its Vedder Road offices, the agency runs health, dental, mental health, child care, employment and income assistance programs. It also offers cultural programs and tourism services. The Coqualeetza Cultural Education Centre serves the Stó:lō people and is open to all Indigenous peoples, students and educators. Its programs centre on cultural relevance, self-esteem and traditional ways of teaching. Stó:lō Tourism shares stories and knowledge of the area passed down through oral tradition. The Stó:lō Service Agency has scheduled a public gathering called Bridging Hearts: A Step Towards Unity and Healing for September 30, 2026. It lists speakers, cultural performances and vendors. The agency's website lists the gathering among its upcoming events in Chilliwack.
More on the region: Indigenous British Columbia · all of Canada.