An introduction to Corner Brook: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.
Indigenous history of Corner Brook
In the 2021 census, 29.5% of residents identified as Indigenous, mostly First Nations. Qalipu First Nation, a Mi’kmaq band, has its headquarters on Church Street. The Beothuk and Mi’kmaq are the Indigenous peoples of this part of Newfoundland. By the 17th century, Heritage NL records Mi’kmaq families hunting, fishing and trapping along the island’s southwest coast. They treated Newfoundland and Cape Breton as parts of one traditional territory. Mi’kmaq oral traditions speak of friendly relations with the Beothuk. By the mid-1800s, Mi’kmaq families across the island trapped furs, hunted caribou and guided surveyors through the interior.
Treaty and territory
Corner Brook lies in the traditional territories of the Beothuk and Mi’kmaq, as Memorial University’s Grenfell Campus acknowledges. The city is home to the headquarters of Qalipu First Nation, a landless Mi’kmaq band created in 2011.
Nearby: Steady Brook · Pasadena · Deer Lake · Humber Arm South · Lark Harbour · Stephenville
Indigenous Corner Brook today
Qalipu First Nation is headquartered in Corner Brook. Its name means caribou in Mi'kmaq. Qalipu was created in 2011 as a landless band, after decades of advocacy by the Federation of Newfoundland Indians, founded in 1972. Enrolment drew about 105,000 applications, far more than the government expected. Reviews followed, and by 2021 nearly 24,000 members were recognized across 67 communities. The process remains contested, and some groups have challenged it in court. Chief Jenny Brake leads Qalipu for the 2024 to 2028 term, with a council of vice-chiefs and ward councillors. The band offers education funding, employment help, health benefits and housing support. It says it works to reclaim language and Mi'kmaw craft, and it invites status, non-status and non-Indigenous people to connect and get involved. Its weekly newsletter is called Maw-pemita'jik Qalipu'k. At Grenfell Campus, the Indigenous Affairs office supports students, and the student-led GCSU Indigenous Caucus advocates for Indigenous learners. The campus acknowledges the Beothuk, Mi'kmaq, Innu and Inuit of the province. In the 2021 census, nearly three in ten Corner Brook residents identified as Indigenous.
More on the region: Indigenous Newfoundland and Labrador · all of Canada.