Newfoundland and Labrador · History, treaty and community

Indigenous Gander: Beothuk and Mi’kmaq Lands, Nations and Community

An introduction to Gander: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.

Indigenous history of Gander

Before Europeans arrived, the Beothuk lived along Newfoundland’s south and northeast coasts. Their population at contact was likely between 500 and 1,500 people. They lived in bark- or skin-covered tents in summer and semi-subterranean houses in winter. They hunted seals and birds from bark canoes and hunted caribou inland. Shanawdithit died in 1829 and was long recorded as the last Beothuk. Mi’kmaq and Innu oral traditions challenge that account. They hold that Beothuk descendants married into other Indigenous nations. In 2019, the remains of two prominent Beothuk individuals were returned from Scotland to Canada.

Treaty and territory

Gander is in northeastern Newfoundland, part of the historic homeland of the Beothuk. Today the island is also home to Mi’kmaq, including members of the Qalipu Mi’kmaq First Nation.

Nearby: Gander Lake · Appleton · Glenwood · Gander Bay · Lewisporte · Gambo

Indigenous Gander today

Mi'kmaq community life in Newfoundland is represented largely by the Qalipu Mi'kmaq First Nation. Qalipu was established in 2011 as a landless First Nation. Its roots lie in the Federation of Newfoundland Indians, formed in 1972. By 2021, it had nearly 24,000 founding members across 67 communities. That made it the second-largest band by membership in Canada. Qalipu is led by Chief Jenny Brake, two vice-chiefs and councillors from nine electoral wards. Its main office is in Corner Brook. It offers members education funding, employment help, health benefits, mental health services and housing support. The First Nation also focuses on reclaiming Mi'kmaw language and craft. Beothuk history is also being retold today. The Canadian Encyclopedia notes that Mi'kmaq and Innu oral histories speak of Beothuk families joining other nations. The 2019 repatriation from Scotland was described as an important step toward reconciliation. Newfoundland's northeast coast, where Gander sits inland, was part of the Beothuk homeland.

More on the region: Indigenous Newfoundland and Labrador · all of Canada.

XUSI services in Gander: youth workshops, screen printing and clothing

XUSI is an Indigenous-owned business from Saskatoon, started in 2020 by two brothers from northern Saskatchewan. Along with our clothing, we bring Indigenous youth workshops and custom screen printing to Gander and across Newfoundland and Labrador.

Youth workshops

Indigenous youth workshops in Gander

Strong Roots Strong Future is our interactive workshop for Indigenous youth, led by the two brothers who founded XUSI. We travel to schools, First Nations and Indigenous communities, youth organizations and funding programs in Gander and across Newfoundland and Labrador. Youth ages 10 and up work through identity and culture, financial literacy, fitness, entrepreneurship and business skills, career readiness and hands-on screen printing.

Screen printing

Custom screen printing for Gander

Custom t-shirts, hoodies and crewnecks for Gander schools, sports teams, businesses, events and First Nations and Indigenous organizations. Send us an idea, get free design help and a full quote before anything is printed. We print in Saskatoon and ship to Gander. 10-garment minimum, up to 4 colours per design.

Clothing

Indigenous clothing, streetwear and gym clothing

Heavyweight cotton tees, hoodies, crewnecks and A-frame hats with Cree words and the stories behind them. Fitness is part of how XUSI started, so our pieces are built for the gym and the street, and we ship them to Gander.

Keep learning in the XUSI Journal

Gander questions

How does shipping to Gander work?

Orders of $90 or more ship free to Gander and anywhere in Canada. Orders under $90 show the shipping cost at checkout. Every order leaves our Saskatoon shop within 1 to 3 business days.

Can you print shirts for a Gander team or community group?

Yes. Custom screen printing starts at 10 garments, with up to 4 colours per design. Every order gets a full quote before anything is printed, and design help is included. We print in Saskatoon and ship your order to Gander.

Does XUSI have a store in Gander?

No. We have no store, stockist or event booth in Gander or anywhere in Newfoundland and Labrador. Outside our online shop, our only retail presence is at Wanuskewin near Saskatoon. Gander customers order online, and orders over $90 ship free.

Can a Qalipu ward or Mi'kmaw group near Gander order custom shirts?

Yes. Any group can order custom screen printing from us with a 10-garment minimum and up to 4 colours. Every order gets a full quote before anything is printed. We help with the design, print in Saskatoon and ship the finished shirts to you.

How an order to Gander works

Orders to Gander leave Saskatoon within three business days, printed on Gildan, ALSTYLE, Independent and Bella+Canvas blanks, in the same shop that prints XUSI’s own designs.

The brand is owned by two brothers from northern Saskatchewan, and every word on the clothing is Cree, with the meaning written by them. Browse all XUSI, or read the Meanings page.

Shop all XUSI →

Gifts under $50


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