An introduction to North Bay: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.
Indigenous history of North Bay
About 11.7% of residents identified as Indigenous, well above the national share. The city calls itself the Gateway to the North and serves as the seat of the District of Nipissing. Nipissing University and Canadore College draw students from across the north. The shores of Lake Nipissing have been a gathering place for thousands of years. Tourism North Bay estimates about 10,000 Ojibwe people lived in the territory before European contact. The lake later became part of the Nipissing Route of the fur trade. In the 1700s, conflict over the fur trade pushed the Nipissing from their lands for a time. They returned and allied with the British, fighting American forces in 1814. In 1850, the Robinson-Huron Treaty was signed, setting out reserve lands for the Nipissing. Chief Shabogesic was among the early treaty signatories.
Treaty and territory
North Bay is on the ancestral lands of the Nipissing First Nation (Nbisiing), an Anishinabek community, within the lands of the Robinson-Huron Treaty of 1850.
Nearby: Nipissing First Nation · Dokis First Nation · Callander · Mattawa · Sturgeon Falls · Corbeil
Indigenous North Bay today
Nipissing First Nation is an Anishinabek community based in Garden Village, with other communities including Duchesnay. It governs itself under its own constitution, the Gichi-Naaknigewin, through Chief and Council. The Nation runs education from early childhood to post-secondary, plus health, social and land management services. An Anishinaabemwin language program supports culture and heritage. Tourism North Bay reports that the city's Indigenous population now exceeds 8,000, close to pre-contact numbers. The North Bay Indigenous Friendship Centre opened on November 23, 1974, at Third and Cassells streets. It offers language and culture programs, youth education and employment training. Its Indigenous Alternative Secondary School Education program helps students finish high school. Suswin Village provides 30 units of transitional housing. Each June the centre hosts the Maamwi Kindaaswin Pow Wow at Lee Park, near Lake Nipissing. It began as a children's event and now draws over 5,000 people, and everyone is welcome to watch and join intertribal dances. The centre also marks Red Dress Day, Indigenous Peoples Day on June 21 and Orange Shirt Day.
More on the region: Indigenous Ontario · all of Canada.