Ontario · History, treaty and community

Indigenous Sudbury: Robinson-Huron Treaty, Nations and Community

An introduction to Sudbury: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.

Indigenous history of Sudbury

The lands are covered by the Robinson-Huron Treaty of 1850, and two signatory nations neighbour the city: Atikameksheng Anishnawbek, west near Lively, and Wahnapitae First Nation on Lake Wahnapitei. Chief Shawenekezhik signed the treaty on behalf of his people. N’Swakamok Native Friendship Centre traces its roots to 1967 and the Nickel Belt Indian Club, and it has owned its downtown Elm Street building since 1982. For centuries before European contact, Anishinaabemowin-speaking peoples, including Algonquin and Ojibwa bands, held the region. The Robinson-Huron Treaty was signed at Sault Ste. Marie on September 9, 1850. Crown commissioner William Robinson negotiated with chiefs including Shinguakonse, a War of 1812 veteran who helped found Garden River First Nation. The treaty covers the land east of Georgian Bay and along the north shore of Lake Huron. It was one of two Robinson Treaties that year, alongside the Robinson-Superior Treaty.

Treaty and territory

Greater Sudbury is on the traditional territory of the Atikameksheng Anishnawbek, covered by the Robinson-Huron Treaty of 1850.

Nearby: Atikameksheng Anishnawbek · Wahnapitae First Nation · Sagamok Anishnawbek · Espanola · Markstay-Warren

Indigenous Sudbury today

Atikameksheng Anishnawbek, about 19 kilometres west of the city, has 1,720 members. Its people descend from the Ojibway, Algonquin and Odawa Nations. About 80 per cent of members live off reserve, and most of those live in Greater Sudbury. The Nation calls Anishinabemowin the strength of the Nation and builds its programs around Mino Bimaadiziwin, the Good Life. It runs education, health, youth, family and Elder programs. Wahnapitae First Nation, an Ojibway Anishinabek community on Lake Wahnapitei, has more than 170 residents and over 700 members around the world. In the 2021 census, 11 per cent of Greater Sudbury residents identified as Indigenous. The city's land acknowledgement also honours Métis, Inuit and other Indigenous peoples, and the city recognizes the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation. Laurentian University calls itself tricultural, serving English, French and Indigenous communities. It offers more than 30 programs with Indigenous content, from certificates to full degrees. Its School of Indigenous Relations, Indigenous Student Affairs office and Indigenous Sharing and Learning Centre support students on campus.

More on the region: Indigenous Ontario · all of Canada.

XUSI services in Sudbury: youth workshops, screen printing and clothing

XUSI is an Indigenous-owned business from Saskatoon, started in 2020 by two brothers from northern Saskatchewan. Along with our clothing, we bring Indigenous youth workshops and custom screen printing to Sudbury and across Robinson-Huron Treaty territory.

Youth workshops

Indigenous youth workshops in Sudbury

Strong Roots Strong Future is our interactive workshop for Indigenous youth, led by the two brothers who founded XUSI. We travel to schools, First Nations and Indigenous communities, youth organizations and funding programs in Sudbury and across Robinson-Huron Treaty territory. Youth ages 10 and up work through identity and culture, financial literacy, fitness, entrepreneurship and business skills, career readiness and hands-on screen printing.

Screen printing

Custom screen printing for Sudbury

Custom t-shirts, hoodies and crewnecks for Sudbury schools, sports teams, businesses, events and First Nations and Indigenous organizations. Send us an idea, get free design help and a full quote before anything is printed. We print in Saskatoon and ship to Sudbury. 10-garment minimum, up to 4 colours per design.

Clothing

Indigenous clothing, streetwear and gym clothing

Heavyweight cotton tees, hoodies, crewnecks and A-frame hats with Cree words and the stories behind them. Fitness is part of how XUSI started, so our pieces are built for the gym and the street, and we ship them to Sudbury.

Keep learning in the XUSI Journal

Sudbury questions

What does it cost to ship a XUSI order to Sudbury?

Shipping is calculated at checkout. If your order totals $90 or more, it ships free within Canada, including to Greater Sudbury.

Can our Sudbury workplace get a logo printed on hoodies?

Yes. Screen printing starts at 10 garments, with up to 4 colours per design and a maximum screen size of 23x31 inches. Every order gets a full quote before anything is printed, and design help is included.

Could a Laurentian Indigenous student group order custom hoodies?

Yes. Custom screen printing starts at 10 garments, with up to 4 colours per design, and every order is quoted before printing. Design help is included. We print in Saskatoon and ship the finished order to Greater Sudbury, which suits a student association, a residence floor or a program cohort.

Do XUSI designs use Anishinaabemowin?

Many of our designs carry a Cree word, since XUSI is a Indigenous-owned brand from Saskatoon. The story behind each word is on our Meanings page. Sudbury's Nations, Atikameksheng Anishnawbek and Wahnapitae, have their own Anishinaabe language and culture, and our designs speak from ours.

The words on the clothing

Every XUSI design carries a word and a reason. sôhkahpinêw, on the Wolf tee, is about holding on. sâskwatôn is the Cree name the city of Saskatoon was named after. Both ship to Sudbury like everything else in the line.

The brand is Indigenous-owned, built by two brothers who write the meanings themselves. Read them on the Meanings page, or browse Cree language clothing.

Shop all XUSI →

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