An introduction to Terrace: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.
Indigenous history of Terrace
The city grew on stepped benches above the Skeena River, near the mouth of the Kitsumkalum River. That landform is reflected in the Tsimshian name for Terrace, ganeexs, which sources translate as ladder or steps. The Kitselas First Nation, about 700 people, holds reserves along the river near town. Kitsumkalum, an original tribe of the Ts’msyen, also has its community here. Kitselas Canyon sits about 10 minutes east of town along that highway. The Kitselas and Kitsumkalum peoples have lived in this part of the Skeena valley for thousands of years. Kitselas Canyon, just east of town, was a place of governance and trade. The Kitselas describe it as the only First Nations village on the Skeena where house remains and poles from the 1800s still stand. Canada designated Kitselas Canyon a National Historic Site in 1972. Little Canyon, beneath the Old Skeena Bridge, is a traditional Ts’msyen fishing place.
Treaty and territory
Terrace sits on ancestral Ts’msyen lands, home to the Kitselas and Kitsumkalum peoples. Kitsumkalum calls its territory Laxyuup and is engaged in treaty negotiations.
Nearby: Kitselas · Kitsumkalum · Thornhill · Lakelse Lake · Kitimat · Prince Rupert
Indigenous Terrace today
Ts'msyen culture is visible across Terrace today. The Kitselas call themselves the Gitselasu, People of the Canyon, and aim to be financially self-sufficient and self-governing. The Kitselas Development Corporation manages business ventures, and the nation runs education, health, housing and lands departments. Kitsumkalum operates under its own Land Code and runs a gas bar, gift store, quarry logistics park and wilderness resort. It also delivers language and fish and wildlife programs. Kitselas Canyon welcomes visitors on guided and self-guided tours through its longhouses and Clan Totem Pole Garden. The Freda Diesing School of Northwest Coast Art, named for the renowned carver, is described as Canada's first Indigenous fine arts school. Diesing led the carving of two Kitsumkalum poles in the 1980s, the first poles of the modern era there. The Kermode Friendship Centre is home to the Survivors' Pole, raised in 2021. Local galleries such as Red Raven feature Indigenous artists. Smalgyax, the Ts'msyen language, has learning resources on FirstVoices.
More on the region: Indigenous British Columbia · all of Canada.