An introduction to Truro: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.
Indigenous history of Truro
Millbrook First Nation’s largest community lies about 8 km south of town. The Mi’kmaq lived here first, with a village along the Salmon River. Their name for the place, Wagobagitik, means the end of the water’s flow. In the 1700s the British signed a series of Peace and Friendship Treaties with the Mi’kmaq and neighbouring nations. The treaties did not transfer any land. Between 1867 and 1915, the reserves that now make up Millbrook First Nation were set aside. They range from under 10 to about 300 hectares, and the Millbrook reserve near Truro is the largest by population.
Treaty and territory
Truro is in Mi’kma’ki, the homeland of the Mi’kmaq, which is covered by the Peace and Friendship Treaties. Those treaties contained no land transfer provisions, and Millbrook First Nation’s main community sits just south of town.
Nearby: Millbrook First Nation · Bible Hill · Brookfield · Stewiacke · Tatamagouche · Great Village
Indigenous Truro today
Millbrook First Nation is a Mi'kmaq community with seven reserves across Nova Scotia. Its main reserve, about 8 km south of Truro, is home to 921 people. Cole Harbour, with 208 residents, is its second-largest community. Lawrence Paul led Millbrook as chief for 28 years, from 1984 to 2012, before Bob Gloade took over. The Nation describes itself as a leader in business and development in the region. It runs departments for education, fisheries, housing, youth and recreation, and economic development. Its Mi'kmaq Cultural and Heritage Centre is a place to share history and tradition with visitors and students. Millbrook has produced several notable people. They include the activist Nora Bernard and the artist Alan Syliboy, along with former chief Lawrence Paul. The Peace and Friendship Treaties still shape life here. In 1999, the Supreme Court's Marshall decision confirmed that Mi'kmaq treaty rights to hunt and fish had never been extinguished. That ruling affects Mi'kmaq communities across Nova Scotia, including Millbrook.
More on the region: Indigenous Nova Scotia · all of Canada.