British Columbia · History, treaty and community

Indigenous Vancouver: Unceded Territory, Nations and Community

An introduction to Vancouver: its history, the Nations whose lands it sits on, and Indigenous community life today, with sources.

Indigenous history of Vancouver

The City of Vancouver acknowledges that it sits on the unceded traditional territories of the xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam), Sḵwx̱wú7mesh Úxwumixw (Squamish Nation) and səlilwətaɬ (Tsleil-Waututh) Nations. The University of British Columbia and Simon Fraser University anchor higher education, and the Museum of Anthropology at UBC holds important collections of Northwest Coast Indigenous art and belongings. The Vancouver Aboriginal Friendship Centre Society provides programs for the large urban Indigenous community. The Canadian Encyclopedia says the Squamish, Musqueam and Tsleil-Waututh peoples settled here more than 8,000 years ago. Musqueam ancestors lived throughout the Fraser River estuary, and c̓əsnaʔəm is one of their major village sites. Their name, xʷməθkʷəy̓əm, comes from məθkʷəy̓, a flowering plant that once grew throughout their territory. The Squamish Nation notes that some of its village sites date back 3,000 years.

Treaty and territory

Vancouver is on the unceded territories of the xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam), Sḵwx̱wú7mesh (Squamish) and səlilwətaɬ (Tsleil-Waututh) Nations.

Nearby: xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam) · səlilwətaɬ (Tsleil-Waututh Nation) · Sḵwx̱wú7mesh Úxwumixw (Squamish Nation) · Burnaby · North Vancouver · Richmond

Indigenous Vancouver today

Vancouver became a City of Reconciliation on July 8, 2014. Council adopted a framework for working with the three host Nations and urban Indigenous communities. In October 2022 council approved a strategy to put the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples into practice. Its five-year action plan began in June 2024. The city signed the Sen̓áḵw Services Agreement with the Squamish Nation in May 2022. In June 2023 it adopted the Sḵwx̱wú7mesh Protocol to guide how the two governments work together. For the tenth anniversary, Squamish artist Aaron Nelson Moody (Splash) designed a new reconciliation logo with Coast Salish elements. Musqueam has more than 1,300 members, many living on the reserve south of Marine Drive near the mouth of the Fraser. Its traditional language is hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓. The Tsleil-Waututh, whose name means People of the Inlet, centre their community on Burrard Inlet between Maplewood Flats and Deep Cove. In their words, "When the tide went out, the table was set." In 2000 the Squamish Nation created X̱ay Temíxw, a land use plan for its territory.

More on the region: Indigenous British Columbia · all of Canada.

XUSI services in Vancouver: youth workshops, screen printing and clothing

XUSI is an Indigenous-owned business from Saskatoon, started in 2020 by two brothers from northern Saskatchewan. Along with our clothing, we bring Indigenous youth workshops and custom screen printing to Vancouver and across British Columbia.

Youth workshops

Indigenous youth workshops in Vancouver

Strong Roots Strong Future is our interactive workshop for Indigenous youth, led by the two brothers who founded XUSI. We travel to schools, First Nations and Indigenous communities, youth organizations and funding programs in Vancouver and across British Columbia. Youth ages 10 and up work through identity and culture, financial literacy, fitness, entrepreneurship and business skills, career readiness and hands-on screen printing.

Screen printing

Custom screen printing for Vancouver

Custom t-shirts, hoodies and crewnecks for Vancouver schools, sports teams, businesses, events and First Nations and Indigenous organizations. Send us an idea, get free design help and a full quote before anything is printed. We print in Saskatoon and ship to Vancouver. 10-garment minimum, up to 4 colours per design.

Clothing

Indigenous clothing, streetwear and gym clothing

Heavyweight cotton tees, hoodies, crewnecks and A-frame hats with Cree words and the stories behind them. Fitness is part of how XUSI started, so our pieces are built for the gym and the street, and we ship them to Vancouver.

Keep learning in the XUSI Journal

Vancouver questions

Does XUSI have a shop in Vancouver?

Orders ship from Saskatoon, which is the only place local pickup is offered. Shipping to Vancouver is calculated at checkout.

Can Vancouver organizations order large custom prints?

Custom screen printing goes up to a 23x31 inch screen, with up to 4 colours per design and a 10-garment minimum. Every order gets a full quote before anything is printed, design help is included, and orders are printed in Saskatoon and shipped to you.

Do XUSI designs use Coast Salish art or languages?

XUSI is an Indigenous-owned brand from Saskatoon, and many of our designs carry a Cree word, with the story on our Meanings page. Vancouver sits on Musqueam, Squamish and Tsleil-Waututh lands, whose art and languages belong to those Nations. Many of our designs carry a Cree word, with its story on our Meanings page.

Can a Vancouver reconciliation committee or school order shirts with our own design?

Yes. Custom screen printing starts at 10 garments, with up to 4 colours per design, and every order is quoted before printing. Design help is included. We print in Saskatoon and ship the order to Vancouver, so a committee or school can match for its next event.

The workshops behind the brand

The same two brothers who design the clothing run Strong Roots Strong Future, an Indigenous youth workshop they bring to schools, Nations and youth organizations, including in Vancouver.

The clothing carries the same language and the same stories the workshops are built on. See the youth workshops, or read the meanings behind the designs.

Shop all XUSI →

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